What is the chemical formula for table salt?

Table salt, commonly known as sodium chloride, is represented by the chemical formula NaCl. This formula indicates that each molecule of table salt consists of one sodium (Na) ion and one chloride (Cl) ion, which combine in a 1:1 ratio. Sodium is an alkali metal, and chlorine is a halogen; when they react, they form an ionic compound through the transfer of an electron from sodium to chlorine, resulting in NaCl.

On the other hand, the other options represent different compounds: C2H5OH is the chemical formula for ethanol, H2O is the formula for water, and CO2 is the formula for carbon dioxide. These compounds have distinct properties and uses that are unrelated to table salt.